Why Japanese shortcake is uniquely Japanese

Japanese shortcake may borrow its name from Western desserts, but the version loved in Japan is unmistakably its own creation. Unlike American shortcake, which is typically a crumbly biscuit topped with strawberries and cream, Japan's shortcake is built from sponge layers, lightly sweetened whipped cream and fresh strawberries. 

In Japan, shortcake specifically means a sponge cake layered with whipped cream and fruit, especially strawberries. In English speaking countries this is what we usually call a layer cake, highlighting how Japan adapted the idea and transformed it into something more Japanese. It reflects Japan's preference for airy textures and delicate sweetness too.

Over time, Japanese shortcake became a cultural symbol. For example, it is pretty much the default birthday cake and a version of it is the default Christmas cake! People also buy or make it for celebrations such as congratulatory events like passing school or university examinations (as per the photo of this post). There is even a day for shortcake, twelve of them actually, Shortcake Day on the 22nd of every month!