Presence and absence

Today, and May 25th annually, is known in Japan as Presence and Absence Day 有無の日 (Arinashi no Hi), a lesser‑known but intriguing memorial day rooted in the life of Emperor Murakami, the 62nd emperor of Japan.

The date marks the anniversary of his death, and the name “有無”, read ari‑nashi, meaning “presence and absence” or "having or not having", reflects a distinctive aspect of his reign. According to historical accounts, Emperor Murakami generally refrained from direct political involvement unless an urgent situation demanded it. This unusual governing style led to the symbolic association with “having or not having,” giving rise to the name of this anniversary.

Emperor Murakami, born in 926, was the fourteenth son of Emperor Daigo. He ascended the throne in 946 after Emperor Suzaku abdicated, beginning a reign remembered for relative stability and cultural refinement rather than political intervention. Although the origins of "Arinashi no Hi" as a designated memorial day are unclear, it remains part of Japan’s rich tapestry of historical observances.